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塑膠材料判別Plastic material identification-康德富塑膠

2022-09-08

塑膠材料判別 - 燃燒試驗

Plastic Material Identification - Burning test

塑膠樣品是什麼料? 塑膠射出廠時常會遇到客人拿著樣品來估價並詢問塑膠材質，這時候我們就會做塑膠件試燒來判斷材質。有些產品也會用摔的，聽它掉落在地上的聲音來判斷質。在＜塑膠成形寶典＞一書上看到一篇細說塑膠產品燃燒試驗結果，給大家參考。

What is the material of this sample?

Customers often take the samples to inquiry and ask about plastic materials
At this moment, we will do a burning test of the plastic parts to judge the material.

Or some products can also be judged from the sound of falling on the ground when they are dropped. In the book "Injection Molding Book", mention the detailing of the results burning test of plastic products and for your reference.


塑膠樣品燃燒試驗方式 Plastic burning test method :

* 燃燒試驗請用夾具，燃燒後移開火源，觀察後吹熄。

* 煙吹走後聞其味道，可在玻璃菸灰缸上做試驗。

* 觀察火焰請看底部，即接近塑膠之處，火焰上端的顏色通常是黃色的，底部才會有不同的顏色。

* 塑膠材質的判定首先是依材料的軟硬度、透明性、表面光澤做判定，並以燃燒觀察有無黑煙、垂滴性及火焰顏色，最後則以氣味來確定之，因為每種塑膠之氣味不盡相同。

* 大部份的塑膠材質都可燃燒，但有些材質在火源移開時會停止燃燒，這種塑膠稱為「自熄性塑膠」：如PA、PC、mPPO、PVC、PU等。

* Please use a fixture for the burning test, remove the fire source after burning, and blow it

   out after observation.
* After the smoke is blown away, you can smell it and test it on the glass ashtray.

* When observing the flame, need to look at the bottom, which is the place close to the 

   plastic. The color of the upper end of the flame is usually yellow, and the bottom will have

   the different color.
* Judgment of the plastic material is first judged according to the hardness, transparency and

   surface gloss of the material, and the presence or absence of black smoke, dripping and

   flame color is observed by burning, finally the material is determined by the smell, because 

   each plastic is the different smell.
* Most plastic materials can burn, but some materials will stop burning when the fire source is

   removed. This kind of plastic is called "self-extinguishing plastic" such as: PA, PC, mPPO,

   PVC, PU, etc.



塑膠材質        燃燒結果

PE

為乳白色半透明或不透明之蠟狀固體，此種聚烯烴樹脂的燃燒相當快，燃燒時帶黃色火焰頭及藍底火焰，滴落快速，熄滅時所有發之氣味成蠟味，移開火源不熄滅。

PP


燃燒速度慢，並帶有黃色火焰頭的藍色火焰，並放出如同柴油的氣味，滴落緩慢，燃燒處為原來顏色，比重最低0.90，移開火源不熄滅。

PA(尼龍)


燃燒時帶有黃色火焰的藍色火焰，並放出一種像木頭或植物等燃燒的氣味，燃燒溫和燃燒處呈黑色，移開火源會熄滅。

POM


燃燒時帶淡藍色火焰，同時放出甲醛氣味它的滴落物也會燃燒，火焰不易熄滅，燃燒處為同樣顏色。


PBT


燃燒時帶有藍色火焰頭及橘紅色火焰，冒淡黑煙會滴落，火焰劇烈振動。

PS


燃燒時帶橙黃色火焰，冒大量黑濃煙不易滴落，並使空氣中含碳，移開火源
不熄滅。


ABS


燃燒時帶有黃色火焰，黑焰及不易滴落，移開火源不熄滅。 


PC


燃燒時帶有黃色火焰，冒黑煙並有輕淡的酚味，燃燒處呈黑色，移開火源會熄滅。


mPPO 


燃燒時橘紅色火焰冒黑煙易自熄，燃燒時帶有芳香族聚醚，不易滴落，移開火源會熄滅。 


PMMA         


燃燒緩慢帶有黃色火焰頭藍底會滴落，散發出水果類氣味，移開火源不熄滅。


PVC


燃燒時帶有綠色底緣的黃色火焰，同時放出難聞蠟氣味，移開火源會熄滅。


EVA  


燃燒時帶有黃色火焰頭及藍底易滴落，火焰劇烈振動同時放出蠟氣味。 


PU


黃色火焰藍底會滴落，冒淡黑煙火焰一離開即滅掉。

塑膠材質燃燒結果.PNG


資料來源: 射出成形寶典-胡雲宏 著

Data sources：Injection Molding Book

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